Honesty is the foundation to be successful man

Kejujuran adalah kata benda yang paling sulit untuk didapat. jujur adalah kata sifat yang paling susah untuk kita lakukan, setiap detik kita melakukan kebohongan. padahal kejujuran adalah pondasi dari segala yang kita lakukan. Contohnya pada saat ujian tuh oke boleh lah kita kemarin dapet nilai bagus tapi lambat laun kita akan keliatan rusaknya. terus apabila kita menjalin hubungan tapi hubungannya ga transparan penuh dengan rahasia maka akan keliatan suatu saat jika pasangan kita "main serong". Nah efek kita berbohong apa? yaitu kita terbiasa bohong sama orang dan lambat laun orang ga percaya dengan kita, kisahnya ada lah di keluarga saya tapi saya ga akan bilang. Ingatlah semua akan dibalas suatu saat nanti, kaya lagu afgan " semoga Tuhan membalas semua yang terjadi kepadaku suatu saat nanti, hingga kau sadari sesungguhnya yang kau punya hanya aku tempatmu kembali sebagai cintamu" dan ini makna nya sangat dalem yang bisa saya tafsirkan bahwa sesungguhnya semua yang kita lakukan akan mendapatkan balasan, dan setelah kita sadar dan berubah jadi sesal. Ga mau nyesel makannya kalo ujian belajar lah jujur saya juga lagi latihan, lalu kalo punya pacar jangan main serong dibelakang. jujurlah kalo misalnya punya pacar lagi lebih baik di putusin baik baik dan itu ga kan jadi masalah. Oke kesimpulannya adalah Success is need more honesty, and if you want to be successful man you must honest to others. remember whatever we do there must be thanked. learn to be honest because honesty is the foundation of a successful.

Kata Kata Mutiara BY KALAM

Memahami diri sendiri lebih sukar daripada berkelahi melawan orang lain.

Hidup lah seperti pohon kayu yang lebat buahnya. Hidup di jalan dilempari batu tapi membalasnya dengan buah.

Ada Pahlawan ada juga legenda. Pahlawan selalu diingat namun legenda tidak pernah mati.

Orang yang berhati hati tidak akan meminum racun meskipun punya penawarnya.

Jangan tangisi yang sudah pergi, jangan tangisi yang sudah tiada, tapi bangkitlah
bina kembali apa yang tlah hilang.

Sesungguhnya kita tidak perlu ikut Bimbel karena kita sudah di bimbing oleh Maha Bimbel kita yaitu Allah SWT.

Jangan takut dengan kegagalan, karena kegagalan merupakan proses menuju kesuksesan.

Manusia yang sukses yaitu manusia yang slalu bisa mengintrospeksi dirinya dan berguna untuk orang lain.

Nasib itu bagai pilihan ganda, kita bisa memilih sesuka hati. Dan syukuri apa yang ada

Penyesalan adalah penjara yang membuat kita terhalangi dengan kehidupan masa depan

Kejujuran adalah pelajaran tersulit yang bisa kita kerjakan dan merupakan pondasi dari segala aspek kehidupan.

Jika kamu menyayangi seseorang maka bersiaplah kamu untuk kehilangan jiwanya

Sejarah Perkembangan Sistem Periodik Unsur

Sejarah Perkembangan Sistem Periodik Unsur

Penyusunan sistem periodik unsur telah mengalami banyak penyempurnaan. Mulai dari Antoine Lavosier, J. Newslands, O. Mendeleev hingga Henry Moseley.

1. Pengelompokan Unsur Menurut Lavoisier

Pada 1789, Antoine Lavoiser mengelompokan 33 unsur kimia. Pengelompokan unsur tersebut berdasarka sifat kimianya. Unsur-unsur kimia di bagi menjadi empat kelompok. Yaitu gas, tanah, logam dan non logam. Pengelompokan ini masih terlalu umum karena ternyata dalam kelompok unsur logam masih terdapat berbagai unsur yang memiliki sifat berbeda.

Unsur gas yang di kelompokan oleh Lavoisier adalah cahaya, kalor, oksigen, azote ( nitrogen ), dan hidrogen. Unsur-unsur yang etrgolong logam adalah sulfur, fosfor, karbon, asam klorida, asam flourida, dan asam borak. Adapun unsur-unsur logam adalah antimon,perak, arsenik, bismuth. Kobalt, tembaga, timah, nesi, mangan, raksa, molibdenum, nikel, emas, platina, tobel, tungsten, dan seng. Adapun yang tergolong unsur tanah adalah kapur, magnesium oksida, barium oksida, aluminium oksida, dan silikon oksida.

Kelemahan dari teori Lavoisior : Penglompokan masih terlalu umum

kelebihan dari teori Lavoisior : Sudah mengelompokan 33 unsur yang ada berdasarka sifat kimia sehingga bisa di jadikan referensi bagi ilmuan-ilmuan setelahnya.

2. Pengelompokan unsur menurut J.W. Dobereiner

Pada tahun 1829, J.W. Dobereiner seorang profesor kimia dari Jerman mengelompokan unsur-unsur berdasarkan kemiripan sifat-sifatnya.

Ia mengemukakan bahwa massa atom relatif strontium sangat dekat dengan masa rata-rata dari dua unsur lain yang mirip dengan strantium, yaitu kalsiium dan barium. Dobereiner juga mengemukakan beberapa kelompok unsur lain seperti itu. Unsur pembentuk garam dan massa atomnya, yaitu c1 = 35,5 Br = 80, dsn I = 127. unsur pembentuk alkali dan massa atomnya. Yaitu Li = 7, Na = 23dan K = 39.

Dari pengelompokan unsur-unsur tersebut, terdapat suatu keteraturan. Setiap tiga unsur yang sifatnya mirip massa atom ( A r ) unsur yang kedua (tengah) merupakan massa atom rata-rata dari massa atom unsur pertama dan ketiga.

Oleh karena itu, Dobereiner mengambil kesimpulan bahwa unsur-unsur dapat di kelompokan ke dalam kelompok-kelompok tiga unsur yang di sebut triade.

Triade



A r


Rata-Rata A r unsur pertama dan ketiga

Kalsium

Stronsium

Bariuim


40

88

137


(40 + 137) = 88,

2

Kelemahan dari teori ini adalah pengelompokan unsur ini kurang efisian dengan adanya beberapa unsur lain dan tidak termasuk dalam kelompok triad padahal sifatnya sama dengan unsur dalam kelompok triefd tersebut.

Kelebihan dari teori ini adalah adanya keteraturan setiap unsure yang sifatnya mirip massa Atom (Ar) unsure yang kedua (tengah) merupakan massa atom rata-rata di massa atom unsure pertama dan ketiga.

3. Hukum Oktaf Newlands

J. Newlands merupakan orang pertama yang mengelompokan unsur-unsur berdasarkan kenaikan massa atom relatif. Newlands mengumumkan penemuanya yang di sebut hukum oktaf.

Ia menyatakan bahwa sifat-sifat unsur berubah secara teratur.. Unsur pertama mirip dengan unsur kedelapan, unsur kedua mirip dengan unsur kesembilan, dan seterusnya. Daftar unsur yang disusun oleh Newlands berdasarkan hukum oktaf diberikan pada tabel 1.1

Di sebut hokum Oktaf karena beliau mendapati bahwa sifat-sifat yang sama berulang pada setiap unsure ke delapan dalam susunan selanjutnya dan pola ini menyurapi oktaf music.

Tabel 1.1 Daftar oktaf Newlands

1. H


2. Li


3. Be


4. B


5. C


6. N


7. O

8. F


9. Na


10. MG


11. Al


12. Si


13. P


14. S

15. Cl


16. K


17. Ca


18. Ti


19. Cr


20. Mn


21. Fe

22. Co&Nl


23. Cu


24. Zn


25. Y


26. ln


27. As


28. Se

29. Br


30. Cu


31. Sr


32. Sr


33. Zr


34. Bi & Mo


35. Po &


Hukum oktaf newlands ternyata hanya berlaku untuk unsur-unsur ringan. Jika diteruskan, teryata kemiripan sifat terlalu dipaksakan. Misalnya, Ti mempunya sifat yang cukup berbeda dengan Al maupun B.

Kelemahan dari teori ini adalah dalam kenyataanya mesih di ketemukan beberapa oktaf yang isinya lebih dari delapan unsur. Dan penggolonganya ini tidak cocok untuk unsur yang massa atomnya sangat besar.

4. Sistem periodik Mendeleev

Pada tahun 1869 seorang sarjana asal rusia bernama Dmitri Ivanovich mendeleev, berdasarkan pengamata terhadap 63 unsur yang sudah dikenal ketika itu, menyimpulkan bahwa sifat-sifat unsur adalah fungsi periodik dari massa atom relatifnya. Artinya, jika unsur-unsur disusunmenurut kenaikan massa atom relatifnya, maka sifat tertentu akan berulang secara periodik. Mendeleev menempatkan unsur-unsur yang mempunyai kemiripan sifat dalam satu lajur vertikal yang disebut golongan. Lajur-lajur horizontal, yaitu lajur unsur-unsur berdasarkan kenaikan massa atom relatifnya, disebut priode daftar periodik Mendeleev yang dipublikasikan tahun 1872. Gambar Tabel daftar periodik Mendeleyev dapat diklik disini

Sebagaimana dapat dilihat pada gambar di atas, Mendeleev mengkosongkan beberapa tempat. Hal itu dilakukan untuk menetapkan kemiripan sifat dalam golongan. Sebagai contoh, Mendelev menempatkan Ti (Ar = 48 ) pada golongan IV dan membiarkan golongan III kosong karena Ti lebih mirip dengan C dan Si, dari pada dengan B dan Al. Mendeleev meramalkan dari sifat unsur yang belum di kenal itu. Perkiraan tersebut didasarkan pada sifat unsurlain yang sudah dikenal, yang letaknya berdampingan baik secara mendatar maupun secara tegak. Ketika unsur yang diramalkan itu ditemukan, teryata sifatnya sangat sesuai dengan ramalan mendeleev. Salah satu contoh adalah germanium ( Ge ) yang ditemukan pada tahun 1886, yang oleh Mendeleev dinamai ekasilikon.

Kelemahan dari teori ini adalah masih terdapat unsur-unsur yang massanya lebih besar letaknya di depan unsur yang massanya lebih kecil. Co : Telurium (te) = 128 di kiriIodin (I)= 127. hal ini dikarenakan unsur yang mempunyai kemirpan sifat diletakkan dalam satu golongan. Kelemahan dari teori ini adalah pemebetulan massa atom. Sebelumnya massa atom. Sebelumnya massa atom In = 76 menjadi 113. selain itu Be, dari 13,5 menjadi 9. U dari 120 menjadi 240 . selain itu kelebihannya adalah peramalan unsur baru yakni meramalkan unsur beseerta sifat-sifatnya.


5. Sistem Periodik Modern dari Henry G. Moseley

Pada awal abad 20, pengetahuan kita terhadap atom mengalami perkembangan yang sangat mendasar. Para ahli menemukan bahwa atom bukanlah suatu partikel yang tak terbagi melainkan terdiri dari partikel yang lebih kecil yang di sebut partikel dasar atau partikel subatom. Kini atom di yakini terdiri atas tiga jenis partikeldasar yaitu proton, elektron, dan neuron. Jumlah proton merupakan sifat khas dari unsur, artinya setiap unsur mempunyai jumlah proton tertentu yang berbeda dari unsur lainya. Jumlah proton dalam satu atom ini disebut nomor atom. pada 1913, seorang kimiawan inggris bernama Henry Moseley melakukan eksperimen pengukuran panjang gelombang unsur menggunakan sinar-X.

Berdasarkan hasil eksperimenya tersebut, diperolehkesimpulan bahwasifat dasar atom bukan didasari oleh massa atom relative, melainkan berdasarkan kenaikan jumlah proton. Ha tersebut diakibatkan adanya unsur-unsur yang memiliki massa atom berbeda, tetapi memiliki jumlah proton sama atau disebut isotop.

Kenaikan jumlah proton ini mencerminkan kenaikan nonor atom unsur tersebut. Pengelompokan unsur-unsur sisitem periodik modern merupakan penyempurnaan hukum periodik Mendeleev, yang di sebut juga sistem periodik bentuk panjang.

Sistem periodik modern disusun berdasarkan kebaikan nomor atom dan kemiripan sifat. Lajur-lajur horizontal, yang disebut periode disusun berdasarkan kenaikan nomor atom ; sedangkan lajur-lajur vertikal, yang disebut golongan, disusun berdasarkan kemiripan sifat. Sistem periodik modern terdriri atas 7 periode dan 8 golongan. Setiap golongan dibagi lagi menjadi 8 golongan A( IA-VIIIA ) dan 8 golongan B (IB – VIIIB).

Unsur-unsur golongan A disebut golongan utama, sedangkan golongan B disebut golongan transisi. Golongan-golongan juga dapat ditandai dengn bilangan 1 sampai dengan 18 secara berurutan dari kiri ke kanan. Dengan cara ini maka unsur transisi terletak pada golongan 3 sampai golongan 12. Pada periode 6 dan 7 terdapat masing-masing 14 unsur yang disebut unsur-unsur transisi dalam, yaitu unsur-unsur antanida dan aktinida. Unsur-unsur transisi dalam semua termasuk golongan IIIB. Unsur-unsur lantanida pada periode 6 golongan IIIB, dan unsur-unsur aktinida pada periode 7 golongan IIIB. Penempatan unsur-unsur tersebut di bagian bawah tabel periodik adalah untuk alasan teknis, sehingga daftr tidak terlalu panjang.

Jenis-jenis Port Komputer dan Fungsinya r

Fungsi dan Jenis-Jenis Port Pada Komputer

Port merupakan colokan yang terpasang di bagian belakang case yang berfungsi sebagai penghubung antara komponen di dalam unit system dengan piranti diluar, sebagai contoh, port untuk menghubungkan camera digital, monitor, mouse dsb.


Port dibagi menjadi 2, yaitu :
Port fisik,adalah soket atau slot atau colokan yang ada di belakang CPU sebagai penghubung peralatan input-output komputer, misalnya Mouse,keyboard,printer…dll.
Port Logika (non fisik),adalah port yang di gunakan oleh Software sebagai jalur untuk melakukan koneksi dengan komputer lain, tentunya termasuk koneksi internet.

Berikut yang termasuk dalam Port Fisik yaitu ; Port Serial, Port Parallel, Port USB, port SCSI, Port Infra merah serta port-port yang lain.


a. Port Serial
Biasa digunakan untuk melakukan tranmisi data yang beroreintasi pada pengiriman sebuah bit per waktu, kareana sifatnya demikian pegiriman data berjalan agak lambat, biasanya digunakan untuk mengoneksi piranti seperti : printer, mouse, modem, PLC (programmable Logic controller), pembaca kartu maknetik dan pembaca barcode. Port ini sering dinyatakan dengan nama COM. 0Konektor yang digunakan adalah RS-232C dengan 9 pin atau 25 pin
b. Port Parallel
Port Parallel atau sering disebut port LPT bekerja atas dasar 8 bit perwaktu, cocok untuk pengiriman data dengan cepat, tetapi dengan kabel yang pendek (tidak lebih dari 15 kaki). Umumnya digunakan untuk printer parallel, hard disk eksternal dan zip drive. Konektor yang digunakan adalah DB-25 yang terdiri dari 25 pin
c. Port USB
Port USB merupakan port yang akhir-akhir ini sangat populer digunakan, yang dapat digunakan untuk menghubungkan berbagai piranti seperti camera digital, printer, scanner, zip drive dan sebagainya, port ini mempunyai kecepatan tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan port serial maupun port paralel
d. Port SCSI
Port SCSI adalah Small Compter System Interface yang merupakan jenis port yang memungkinkan koneksi antar piranti dalam bentuk sambung menyambung. Port mempunyai kecepatan tinggi, dengan kecepatan tranfernya 32 bit per waktu, biasa digunakan untuk menghubunkan hard drive, scanner, printer dan tape drive, konektor yang digunakan adalah DB-25 dan 50 pin Centronics SCSI.
e. Port Infra Merah
Port ini digunakan untuk mendukung hubungan tanpa kabel, misalnya untuk menghubungkan mouse yang menggunakan infra merah sebagai media tranmisi, mengirim data dari ponsel, dan sebagainya
f. Port-Port Lain
Banyak port lain yang tidak tergolong pada port-port diatas, misalnya port untuk monitor, port keyboard, port mouse, port speaker, port jaringan, port dll.

Dan berikut yang termasuk dalam Port Non Fisik :

• Port 80, Web Server
Port ini biasanya digunakan untuk web server, jadi ketika user mengetikan alamat IP atau hostname di web broeser maka web browser akan melihat IP tsb pada port 80,

• Port 81, Web Server Alternatif
ketika port 80 diblok maka port 81 akan digunakan sebagai port altenatif hosting website

• Port 21, FTP Server
Ketika seseorang mengakses FTP server, maka ftp client secara default akan melakukan koneksi melalui port 21 dengan ftp server

• Port 22, SSH Secure Shell
Port ini digunakan untuk port SSH

• Port 23, Telnet
Jika anda menjalankan server telnet maka port ini digunakan client telnet untuk hubungan dengan server telnet

• Port 25, SMTP(Simple Mail Transport Protokol)
Ketika seseorang mengirim email ke server SMTP anda, maka port yg digunakan adalah port 25

• Port 2525 SMTP Alternate Server
Port 2525 adalah port alternatifi aktif dari TZO untuk menservice forwarding email. Port ini bukan standard port, namun dapat diguunakan apabila port smtp terkena blok.

• Port 110, POP Server
Jika anda menggunakan Mail server, user jika log ke dalam mesin tersebut via POP3 (Post Office Protokol) atau IMAP4 (Internet Message Access Protocol) untuk menerima emailnya, POP3 merupakan protokol untuk mengakses mail box

• Port 119, News (NNTP) Server

• Port 3389, Remote Desktop
Port ini adalah untuk remote desktop di WinXP

• Port 389, LDAP Server
LDAP Directory Access Protocol menjadi populer untuk mengakses Direktori, atau Nama, Telepon, Alamat direktori. Contoh untuk LDAP: / / LDAP.Bigfoot.Com adalaha LDAP directory server.

• Port 143, IMAP4 Server
IMAP4 atau Pesan Akses Internet Protocol semakin populer dan digunakan untuk mengambil Internet Mail dari server jauh.Disk lebih intensif, karena semua pesan yang disimpan di server, namun memungkinkan untuk mudah online, offline dan diputuskan digunakan.

• Port 443, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Server
Ketika Anda menjalankan server yang aman, SSL Klien ingin melakukan koneksi ke server Anda Aman akan menyambung pada port

• 443. This port needs to be open to run your own Secure Transaction server.
Port 445, SMB over IP, File Sharing
Kelemahan windows yg membuka port ini. biasanya port ini digunakan sebagai port file sharing termasuk printer sharing, port inin mudah dimasukin virus atau worm dan sebangsanya

• Ports 1503 and 1720 Microsoft NetMeeting and VOIP
MS NetMeeting dan VOIP memungkinkan Anda untuk meng-host Internet panggilan video atau lainnya dengan.

• Port 5631, PCAnywhere


• Port 5900, Virtual Network Computing (VNC)

Bila Anda menjalankan VNC server remote kontrol ke PC Anda, menggunakan port 5900. VNC berguna jika anda ingin mengontrol remote server.

• Port 111, Portmap

• Port 3306, Mysql

• Port 981/TCP

Dalam penggunaan komputer secara sederhana, pada PC terdapat beberapa port atau slot yang menghubungkan antar device agar dapat difungsikan. Bagi orang awam, mungkin agak sedikit bingung untuk mencocokan antar port dengan device yang digunakan.
Satu unit komputer terdiri dari CPU, Monitor, Keyboard dan Mouse. Pada CPU yang merupakan sistem unit atau console memiliki beberapa port. Port pada komputer berfungsi sebagai antarmuka antara sebuah komputer dengan komputer atau dengan unit (device) lain. Umumnya, port digunakan untuk menghubungkan monitor, keyboard, mouse, modem dan periferal lainnya. Port memiliki standar bentuk sendiri, seperti port untuk keyboard berbentuk bulat. Pertama kali komputer desktop diciptakan, memiliki dua port yaitu port serial dan port parallel. Pemasangan kabel monitor, keyboard dan mouse harus sesuai dengan portnya. Kesalahan pemasangan dapat menyebabkan tidak berfungsinya komputer. Untuk dapat memasang port sesuai dengan posisinya, berikut ini terdapat beberapa port console.

1. Port serial, port ini memiliki sembilan pin yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan mouse, joystick dan modem eksternal. Port serial bekerja dengan mengirim data 1 bit pada satu saat melalui kabel tunggal.

2. Port parallel, port ini digunakan untuk menghubungkan CPU dengan printer dan modem eksternal serta periferal lainnya yang memiliki kabel untuk port parallel. Port paralel bekerja dengan mengirim dan menerima beberapa bit pada satu saat melalui satu set kabel. Termasuk dalam port paralel adalah port penghubung printer, modem, dan port penghubung disk drive.

3. PS / 2, port ini disebut dengan port serial type 2 yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan keyboard dan mouse. Untuk port keyboard berwarna biru dan untuk port mouse berwarna hijau.

4. USB (Universal Serial Bus), Port ini merupakan port multi fungsi yang dapat digunakan pada beberapa perangkat atau feriperal lainnya seperti mouse, keyboard, modem, card wireless, dan lain sebagainya. Port USB merupakan pengembangan dari port serial. Saat ini, port usb paling populer digunakan, misalnya untuk flash disk, harddisk eksternal, mouse, keyboard. Kelebihan dari port USB adalah kemudahannya dalam melakukan koneksi device ke komputer, sehingga banyak alat dapat dipasang secara plug and play. USB ini dirancang tidak tergantung pada ekspansion slot, dan USB yang dipasang tidak perlu melakukan booting ulang komputer. Selain itu, USB juga mendukung arsitektur daisy-chain ganda, yaitu penggunaan USB hub. Sebuah USB hub dapat menampung banyak device USB. Jumlah tingkat atau level USB hub yang tersusun maksimal 5 tingkat, sedangkan jumlah USB device yang dapat terkoneksi ke sebuah kontroler USB maksimal 127 buah.

Allan McNish Crash Le Mans 24 Hours 2011

Twilight - Muse - Supermassive Black Hole

MUSE

Muse performing at Big Day Out 2010 in Melbourne, Australia. From left to right: Dominic Howard, Matthew Bellamy and Christopher Wolstenholme
Background information
Origin Teignmouth, Devon, England
Genres Alternative rock, new prog, space rock, country
Years active 1994–present
Labels Warner Bros., Helium 3, Taste, Mushroom, Dangerous
Website www.muse.mu
Members
Matthew Bellamy
Christopher Wolstenholme
Dominic Howard

Muse are an English rock band from Teignmouth, Devon, formed in 1994. The band consists of school friends Matthew Bellamy (lead vocals, guitars, piano, keyboards, keytar), Christopher Wolstenholme (bass, backing vocals, keyboards, guitars, harmonica) and Dominic Howard (drums, percussion, synthesisers, backing vocals, sampling, harmtar, and banjo ). After the release of their 2006 album Black Holes and Revelations, keyboardist and percussionist Morgan Nicholls has performed live with the band. Muse are known for their energetic and extravagant live performances,[1][2][3] and their fusion of many music genres, including space rock, post grunge, progressive rock, alternative rock, pop music, heavy metal, classical music and electronica. [4]

Muse have released five studio albums: Showbiz (1999), Origin of Symmetry (2001), Absolution (2003), Black Holes and Revelations (2006), and The Resistance (2009). The band have also issued three live albums, Hullabaloo Soundtrack (2002), which is also a compilation of B-sides, Absolution Tour (2005), and HAARP (2008).

Black Holes and Revelations earned the band a Mercury Prize nomination and a third place finish in the NME Albums of the Year list for 2006.[5] Muse have also won numerous other music awards throughout their history, including five MTV Europe Music Awards, five Q Awards, eight NME Awards, two BRIT awards, an MTV Video Music Award, four Kerrang! Awards and an American Music Award. They were also nominated for three Grammy Awards,[6] of which they won Best Rock Album for their fifth studio album, The Resistance.[7] As of February 2011, Muse have sold over 18 million albums worldwide.
Contents
[hide]

* 1 History
o 1.1 1992–1998: Formation and early years
o 1.2 1998–2000: First EPs and Showbiz
o 1.3 2001–02: Origin of Symmetry
o 1.4 2003–05: Absolution
o 1.5 2006–08: Black Holes and Revelations and HAARP
o 1.6 2009–2011: The Resistance
o 1.7 2011-Present: New studio album
* 2 Musical style
* 3 Members
* 4 Discography
* 5 See also
* 6 References
* 7 External links

[edit] History
[edit] 1992–1998: Formation and early years

The members of Muse played in separate school bands during their stay at Teignmouth Community College in the early 1990s, but the formation of Muse began when Bellamy successfully auditioned for the part of guitarist in Dominic Howard's band. They asked Chris Wolstenholme – who played the drums at the time – to learn to play bass guitar for the band, Wolstenholme agreed and took up lessons, while Bellamy had to become singer and songwriter for the band.[8][9] The other original members of Gothic Plague left after Bellamy suggested that they write their own songs rather than doing covers.

Bellamy and Howard's first band name was Gothic Plague. After Gothic Plague came Fixed Penalty, and after that, Rocket Baby Dolls.[10] In 1994 the band used the name Rocket Baby Dolls[11] with a goth/glam image to compete in a local battle of the bands. The band won the contest, smashing their equipment in the process.[12][13] "It was supposed to be a protest, a statement," Bellamy said, "so, when we actually won, it was a real shock, a massive shock. After that, we started taking ourselves seriously." Shortly after the contest, the three decided to forget university, quit their jobs, change the band name to Muse (1994–1995), and move away from Teignmouth.[14] The name "Muse" was inspired by Matthew Bellamy's art teacher. The art teacher Samuel Theoun mentioned the word "Muses". Bellamy then looked it up in the dictionary and decided to shorten it to "Muse." It was also used because it was short and the members felt it looked good on a poster.[15]
[edit] 1998–2000: First EPs and Showbiz

After a few years building a fan base, Muse played their first gigs in London and Manchester. The band had a significant meeting with Dennis Smith, the owner of Sawmills Studio, situated in a converted water mill in Cornwall. He had seen the three boys grow up as he knew their parents and had a production company together with their manager to be Safta Jaffery.[16]
The Muse logo, incorporated chiefly since the release of Muse EP in 1998

This meeting led to their first proper recordings and the release of the Muse EP on Sawmills' in-house Dangerous label.[12] Their second EP, the Muscle Museum EP, reached number 3 in the indie singles chart and attracted the attention of British radio broadcaster Steve Lamacq as well as the weekly British music publication NME.[17] Dennis Smith introduced the band to Safta Jaffery with whom he had recently started the record label Taste Media. Muse signed with Smith and Jaffery and recorded their first three albums, Showbiz, Origin of Symmetry, and Absolution, with Taste Media.[17]

Despite the success of their second EP, British record companies were reluctant to sign Muse. It was after a trip to New York's CMJ Festival that an American record label flew them to Los Angeles to showcase. Nanci Walker, then Sr. Director of A&R at Columbia Records, flew Muse to the U. S. to showcase for Columbia Records' then-Senior Vice President of A&R, Tim Devine, as well as for American Recording's Rick Rubin. It was during this trip, on 24 December 1998, that Muse signed a deal with Maverick Records.[18] Upon their return from America, Taste Media arranged deals for Muse with various record labels in Europe and Australia, allowing them to maintain control over their career in individual countries.[19]

John Leckie was brought in to produce the band's first record, Showbiz. The album showcased the band's soft style, and the lyrics made reference to the difficulties they had encountered while trying to establish themselves in Teignmouth.[12][13]
[edit] 2001–02: Origin of Symmetry

During production of the band's second album, Origin of Symmetry, the band experimented with instrumentation such as a church organ, Mellotron, and an expanded drum kit. There were more of Bellamy's high-pitched vocal lines, arpeggiated guitar, and piano playing. Bellamy cites guitar influences such as Jimi Hendrix and Tom Morello (of Rage Against the Machine and Audioslave), the latter evident in the more riff-based songs in Origin of Symmetry and in Bellamy's extensive use of pitch-shifting effects in his solos.[20] The album also features a reworking of Anthony Newley and Leslie Bricusse's "Feeling Good".[21]

Celine Dion was threatened with legal action in 2002 when she planned to name her Las Vegas show "Muse," despite the band owning the worldwide performing rights to the name. Celine Dion offered $50,000 for the rights but Muse rejected this with Bellamy stating that "We don't want to turn up there with people thinking we're Celine Dion's backing band." Eventually Dion was forced to back down.[22]

Origin of Symmetry was well-received by critics; NME gave the album 9/10 with Roger Morton writing, "It's amazing for such a young band to load up with a heritage that includes the darker visions of Cobain and Kafka, Mahler and The Tiger Lillies, Cronenberg and Schoenberg, and make a sexy, populist album. But Muse have carried it off."[23]

Maverick had reservations about Bellamy's vocal style on this album (considering it not to be "radio-friendly") and asked Muse to change some of their songs prior to U.S. release. The band refused and left Maverick, resulting in Maverick's decision not to release "Origin of Symmetry" in the United States.[24] The album was finally released in the U.S. in September 2005, after Muse signed to Warner Bros.[25]

Muse released a live DVD, Hullabaloo, featuring live footage recorded during Muse's two gigs on consecutive nights at Le Zenith in Paris in 2001 and a documentary film of the band on tour. A double album, Hullabaloo Soundtrack was released at the same time, containing a compilation of B-sides and a disc of recordings of songs from the Le Zenith performances. A double-A side single was also released featuring new songs "In Your World" and "Dead Star".
[edit] 2003–05: Absolution
Chris Wolstenholme of Muse performing at the Mod Club Theatre, Toronto in 2004. The international Absolution tour included the band's first shows in North America since 1999.

Absolution (produced by Rich Costey) was released in 2003 and debuted at number one in the UK.[26] The album yielded their first top ten hit with "Time Is Running Out" and later three top-twenty hits: "Hysteria", "Sing For Absolution" and "Butterflies and Hurricanes". Muse subsequently undertook their first international tour. It continued for about a year and saw Muse visiting Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Canada, and France. Meanwhile, the band released six singles (one being for charity) ("Time Is Running Out", "Hysteria", "Sing for Absolution", "Stockholm Syndrome", "Butterflies and Hurricanes" and "Apocalypse Please"). The US leg of the 2004 tour began ominously as Bellamy injured himself on stage during the opening show in Atlanta.[27] The tour resumed after several stitches and a couple of days.

The band also played at the Glastonbury Festival in June 2004. After the festival, the band described the concert as "the best gig of our lives".[28][29] However, drummer Dominic Howard's father, William Howard, who was at the festival to watch the band, died from a heart attack very shortly after the performance. "It was the biggest feeling of achievement we've ever had after coming offstage", Bellamy said. "It was almost surreal that an hour later his dad died. It was almost not believable. We spent about a week sort of just with Howard trying to support him. I think he was happy that at least his dad got to see him at probably what was the finest moment so far of the band's life".[12] The single Butterflies & Hurricanes was dedicated to Howard's dad.[citation needed] Muse then continued their tour. They won two MTV Europe awards, including "Best Alternative Act" and a Q Award for "Best Live Act".[30][31] Muse also received an award for "Best Live Act" at the 2005 BRIT Awards.[31] Muse lost out twice to The Libertines for the NME award Best British Band, in 2004 and 2005. In July 2005, Muse participated in the Live 8 concert in Paris.[32]

2003 saw the band sue Nestlé, who used their cover of Nina Simone's "Feeling Good" on an advert for Nescafé without the band's permission. They donated the compensation money to Oxfam.The main reason behind the legal action was the bassist, Christopher Wolstenholme, who at the time had his third child, and was against the company that had a dubious reputation when it came to the promotion of powdered milk to new mothers in the third world.[33]

An unofficial and unauthorised DVD biography containing no Muse music called Manic Depression was released in April 2005; the band was not involved with the project and did not endorse the release.[34] Another DVD, this time official, was released by the band on 12 December 2005, called Absolution Tour. The official release contained re-edited and re-mastered highlights from the Glastonbury Festival 2004 and previously unseen footage from London Earls Court, Wembley Arena, and the Wiltern Theatre in Los Angeles. Two songs, "Endlessly" and "Thoughts Of A Dying Atheist", are hidden tracks on the DVD taken from Wembley Arena. The only song from Absolution not to appear on the live DVD is "Falling Away With You", which has never been performed live to date.[35] Absolution eventually went Gold in the US.[36]
[edit] 2006–08: Black Holes and Revelations and HAARP
Muse playing "Starlight" at Reading and Leeds Festivals on 28 August 2006

In 2006, Muse released their fourth album, Black Holes and Revelations, co-produced by Muse and Rich Costey. The album's title and themes are the result of the band's fascination with science fiction and political outrage.[37][38] The album charted at No. 1 in the UK, much of Europe, and Australia. It was also a success in the United States, reaching number nine on the Billboard 200 album chart.[39] Prior to the release of the new album, the band resumed making live performances, which had halted while recording, making a number of promotional TV appearances starting on 13 May 2006 at BBC Radio 1's Big Weekend. The Black Holes and Revelations Tour started just before the release of their album and initially consisted mostly of festival appearances, most notably a headline slot at the Reading and Leeds Festivals in August 2006.[40] The band's main touring itinerary started with a tour of North America from late July to early August 2006. After the last of the summer festivals, a tour of Europe began, including a large arena tour of the UK.[41] Black Holes and Revelations was nominated for the 2006 Mercury Music Prize, but lost to Arctic Monkeys.[42] The album did, however, earn a Platinum Europe Award after selling one million copies in the continent.[43] In August 2006, Muse recorded a live session at Abbey Road Studios for Live from Abbey Road.

The first single from the album, "Supermassive Black Hole", was released as a download in May 2006. It was later followed by general releases as a single the next month, all ahead of the main album release. The second single, "Starlight", was released in September 2006. "Knights of Cydonia" was released in the US as a radio-only single in June 2006 and in the UK in November 2006. "Knights of Cydonia" was voted number 1 in the world's largest music poll Australian Radio's Triple J Hottest 100 for 2007 and 18th in Triple J's Hottest 100 of All Time in 2009. The fourth single from the album, "Invincible", was then released in April 2007.[44] Another single, "Map of the Problematique", was released for digital download only in June 2007, following the band's performance at Wembley Stadium.[45]
Muse at the Rock im Park, Germany in 2007

The band spent November and much of December 2006 touring Europe with British band Noisettes as the supporting act. The tour continued in Australia, New Zealand, and Southeast Asia in early 2007 before returning to England for the summer. Possibly their biggest performances to date were two gigs at the newly rebuilt Wembley Stadium on 16 and 17 June 2007. Both Wembley concerts were recorded for a DVD/CD titled HAARP, which was released on 17 March 2008[46] in the UK and 1 April 2008[47] in the USA. The touring continued across Europe in July 2007 before heading back to the US in August where they played to a sold out crowd at Madison Square Garden, New York.[48] They earned a headline spot on the second night of the Austin City Limits Music Festival on 15 September 2007, after The White Stripes cancelled their performance. Not long after, they also performed at the October 2007 Vegoose in Las Vegas alongside bands like Rage Against the Machine, Daft Punk, and Queens of the Stone Age.[48] Muse continued touring in Eastern Europe, Russia, and Scandinavia before moving on to Australia and New Zealand. Muse played their final show of the Black Holes and Revelations tour as headliner of the KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas after playing to sell-out crowds throughout Southeast Asia, Australia, the United States, and New Zealand.[24]

A number of individual live appearances also occurred in 2008. In March, they played concerts in Dubai, Johannesburg, and Cape Town.[49] On 12 April they played a one-off concert at the Royal Albert Hall in aid of the Teenage Cancer Trust.[50] Muse were present at Rock in Rio Lisboa on 6 June, along other bands such as Kaiser Chiefs, The Offspring and Linkin Park.[51] The band also performed at a new gig in Marlay Park, Dublin on 13 August and were set to play at a gig in Belfast on 14 August. However, the Belfast date was dismissed according to The Belfast Telegraph.[52] Kasabian and Glasvegas supported Muse on their Irish date.[53] A few days later, they were the headline act at V Festival 2008, playing in Chelmsford on Saturday 16 August and Staffordshire on Sunday 17 August.[54] They also hinted at the possibility of a future stadium tour or concerts in South America.[55]

On 25 September 2008, Bellamy, Howard and Wolstenholme all received an Honorary Doctorate of Arts from the University of Plymouth for their contributions to music.[56][57]
[edit] 2009–2011: The Resistance
Muse performing "Resistance" at the National Indoor Arena, Birmingham on 10 November 2009.

The band's fifth studio album The Resistance was released in September 2009. It is the first Muse album to have been produced by the band itself.[58] The album was engineered by Adrian Bushby and mixed by Mark Stent.[59] On its release, it topped the album charts in 19 countries, became the band's third number one album in the UK,[60] and reached number 3 on the Billboard 200.[61] Critics were mostly positive about the album, with much of the praise directed towards its ambition, classical music influences and the thirteen-minute, three-part "Exogenesis: Symphony".[62] It also beat its predecessor Black Holes and Revelations in relative album sales in its debut week in the UK with approximately 148,000 copies sold.[63] The first single "Uprising" was released seven days earlier.[64]

The Resistance Tour started with a Seaside Rendezvous in Teignmouth, Devon in September 2009 and included headlining Coachella Festival in April 2010. It also included two gigs at Wembley Stadium in September 2010. The band also supported U2 for their U2 360° Tour. In the "Breakfast with Muse Concert" KROQ held, Muse was asked how long they would be on tour. They commented saying in a paraphrase, "We will probably be touring until the end of next year. We will be doing this U2 and European tour and ship off to Australia and Asia and return for an extensive US tour. It will actually be our longest US tour to date. Starting at about the end of February or March."[65]
Bellamy performing at the Oracle Arena, Oakland, California, on 12 December 2009

In January 2010, Muse headlined the Big Day Out festival at its various venues in Australia and New Zealand starting with Auckland and eventually ending with Perth.[66] Muse headlined Coachella on Saturday 17 April.[67] Muse also headlined the Glastonbury Festival 2010 along with Gorillaz and Stevie Wonder[68][69] as well as the Oxegen festival in 2010 alongside Arcade Fire and Eminem.[70] The group were also headline on the 2010 Hovefestivalen,[71] as well as T in the Park 2010 and among other festivals, including the Austin City Limits Music Festival.[72] On 20 April 2010, the band announced fourteen dates for a North American tour, which were to be held between September and November 2010.[73] In addition to this, the band had added further four dates to their forthcoming North American tour, on 28 April 2010.[74] On 7 May 2010, it was announced that Muse would provide a pre-written song to be the lead single for the third film of The Twilight Saga: Eclipse. The soundtrack's lead single "Neutron Star Collision (Love Is Forever)" was released on 17 May.[75]

Muse played at Glastonbury in June 2010 and were joined onstage by The Edge from U2 to play "Where The Streets Have No Name", after U2 pulled out of their headlining slot due to lead singer Bono's back injury.[76]

Muse's fearsome live reputation helped secure them the O2 Silver Clef Award in London on 2 July 2010.[77] The award was presented by Roger Taylor and Brian May of Queen. Taylor described the Warner-signed trio as "probably the greatest live act in the world today," while May said that "this is a magnificent, incredible group." [78]

On 12 July 2010 bassist Chris Wolstenholme informed NME magazine that the band would be taking a break following the conclusion of their world tour supporting The Resistance. He also stated that the band would definitely begin recording material for a new album in 2011.[79] Also, on 8 September, frontman Matthew Bellamy claimed in an interview with NME that the music for the band's next studio album would be more "personal" and more fitting for smaller scale performances as opposed to their current stadium tour.[80]

In 2010, Muse topped a poll by popular music magazine NME for their cover of Nina Simone's song "Feeling Good" as the greatest cover song of all time. Over 15,000 people voted.[81]

On 12 September 2010, Muse won an MTV Video Music Award in the category of Best Special Effects, for the promo for "Uprising".[82] On 21 November, Muse took home an American Music Award for Favorite Artist in the Alternative Rock Music Category, in a ceremony at the Nokia Theater, Los Angeles.[83] On 2 December, it was announced that Muse had been nominated for three awards for the 53rd Grammy Awards: Best Rock Performance By a Duo or Group with Vocals - ("Resistance"); Best Rock Song - ("Resistance"), and Best Rock Album: (The Resistance).[6] Based on having the largest airplay and sales in the U.S, Muse were named the Billboard Alternative and Rock artist for 2010 with "Uprising", "Resistance" and "Undisclosed Desires" achieving 1st, 6th and 49th on the year end Alternative Song chart respectively.[84][85] At the 53rd Grammy Awards on 13 February 2011, Muse won the Grammy Award for Best Rock Album for The Resistance.[7]

Muse are to perform at the 2011 Reading and Leeds Festivals. To celebrate the tenth anniversary of their second studio album Origin of Symmetry, the band has stated that they will be performing all eleven tracks from top to bottom during their set at the festival.[86] Muse are also scheduled to headline at Lollapalooza in Chicago's Grant Park in August 2011. [87]

Muse have won an Ivor Novello Award (celebration and recognition of British music writing talent.). The band were presented with the award for International Achievement at the ceremony in London on Thursday 19 May.
[edit] 2011-Present: New studio album

It was announced on Kerrang radio on June 1, 2011 that Dominic Howard and Christopher Wolstenholme had entered the recording studio to start work on the new Muse album.[citation needed]
[edit] Musical style

Muse are an alternative rock band, and are often associated with space rock and progressive rock.[4] Some of their music mixes elements from genres such as electronica, classical music and rock opera.[88] The band were described as a "trashy three-piece" by Matthew Bellamy on the BBC during 2002.[89] Many Muse songs are recognisable by lead vocalist Matthew Bellamy's use of falsetto and vibrato influenced primarily by Jeff Buckley. As a guitarist, Bellamy often utilises arpeggiator and Pitch-shift effects to create a more "electric" sound, citing Jimi Hendrix and Tom Morello as influences for this method.[20] Bassist Christopher Wolstenholme lists the band's main early influences as Nirvana, The Smashing Pumpkins and Rage Against the Machine.[90]

Muse's album Black Holes and Revelations was influenced by various styles of European and Asian music. "I've been listening to quite a lot of music from the south of Italy on this album", Bellamy admits. "I've been living in Italy for a while, and I discovered this music from Naples, which sounds like a mix of music from Africa, Croatia, Turkey, and Italy. It kind of gives it a mystical sound, so I think that's one thing that influenced the album. I like being influenced by things that have a mixed style".[91]

Muse have cited Queen as an influence.[92] Queen guitarist Brian May has praised Muse's work, calling the band "extraordinary musicians" who "let their madness show through, always a good thing in an artist."[92] In particular, Dominic Howard noted the influence of Queen on "United States of Eurasia".[92]

On the band's association with progressive rock, Dominic Howard has said: "I associate it with 10-minute guitar solos, but I guess we kind of come into the category. A lot of bands are quite ambitious with their music, mixing lots of different styles — and when I see that I think it's great. I've noticed that kind of thing becoming a bit more mainstream." [93]
[edit] Members

Current members

* Matthew Bellamy – lead vocals, lead guitar, piano, keyboard
* Christopher Wolstenholme – bass, backing vocals, rhythm guitar, harmonica
* Dominic Howard – drums, percussion, synthesizers, occasional backing vocals

Live members

* Morgan Nicholls – keyboards, percussion, synthesizers, backing vocals, bass, guitar ("United States of Eurasia") (2004, 2006–present)
* Alessandro Cortini – keyboards (filled in for Morgan Nicholls briefly in 2009)

[edit] Discography
Main article: Muse discography
See also: List of Muse songs

* Showbiz (1999)
* Origin of Symmetry (2001)
* Absolution (2003)
* Black Holes and Revelations (2006)
* The Resistance (2009)

[edit] See also

* List of awards and nominations received by Muse
* List of Muse songs

[edit] References

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66. ^ "BIG DAY OUT 2010 – Music Festival – Auckland, Gold Coast, Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth". Bigdayout.com. http://www.bigdayout.com/lineup/artist.php?ArtistId=74. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
67. ^ "Muse Bring Big Rock Back to Coachella – Spinner UK". Spinnermusic.co.uk. 18 April 2010. http://www.spinnermusic.co.uk/2010/04/18/muse-rock-coachella/. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
68. ^ Jeremy King and David Quainton (2 February 2010). "Michael Eavis reveals Muse and Stevie Wonder to play Glastonbury at Event Production Show". Eventmagazine.co.uk. http://www.eventmagazine.co.uk/news/981265/Michael-Eavis-reveals-headliners-Glastonbury-Event-Production-Show/. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
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81. ^ Muse beat The Beatles, Jimi Hendrix, Johnny Cash to win best cover song of all time NME
82. ^ Lady Gaga, Muse, 30 Seconds To Mars Triumph At 2010 VMA Awards (13 Sep 2010)
83. ^ Muse Wins American Music Award for Favorite Artist in the Alternative Rock Music Category msnbc
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85. ^ Music Charts, Most Popular Music, Music by Genre & Top Music Charts Billboard Retrieved 19 December 2010
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90. ^ - Rock in Rio interview with Chris Video on YouTube
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[edit] External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Muse

* Official website

[hide]v · d · eMuse
Matthew Bellamy • Christopher Wolstenholme • Dominic Howard
Touring members: Morgan Nicholls • Dan Newell • Alessandro Cortini
Studio albums
Showbiz • Origin of Symmetry • Absolution • Black Holes and Revelations • The Resistance
Demos
This Is a Muse Demo • Newton Abbot Demo
Live albums
Hullabaloo Soundtrack • HAARP
Compilations
Hullabaloo Soundtrack
Extended plays
Muse • Muscle Museum • Random 1–8
Videos
Hullabaloo: Live at Le Zenith, Paris • Absolution Tour • HAARP
Singles
"Uno" • "Cave" • "Muscle Museum" • "Sunburn" • "Unintended" • "Plug In Baby" • "New Born" • "Bliss" • "Hyper Music/Feeling Good" • "Dead Star/In Your World" • "Stockholm Syndrome" • "Time Is Running Out" • "Hysteria" • "Sing for Absolution" • "Apocalypse Please" • "Butterflies and Hurricanes" • "Supermassive Black Hole" • "Starlight" • "Knights of Cydonia" • "Invincible" • "Map of the Problematique" • "Uprising" • "Undisclosed Desires" • "Resistance" • "Exogenesis: Symphony" • "Neutron Star Collision (Love Is Forever)"
Other songs
"Citizen Erased" • "Who Knows Who" • "United States of Eurasia"
Concert tours
Showbiz Tour • Origin of Symmetry Tour • Absolution Tour • US Campus Invasion Tour 2005 • Black Holes and Revelations Tour • A Seaside Rendezvous • The Resistance Tour
Related articles
Awards • Discography • Songs • Sawmills Studio • Taste Media • Mushroom Records • A&E Records • Warner Bros. Records • Helium 3
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